Julien pieters



J. PIETERS. *Aiummum D'ISCHARGING APPARATUS-FOR commuous VERTICAL OVENS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN- 23; 1918. 1,381,004. Tigtl PatentedJune 7, 1921.

' of coke and coal can descend to a given ex- UNITED STATES,

.PAITENT OFFICE.

JULIEN rrn'rnns, or PARIS, FRANCE.

AUTOMATIC mscnnnenve APPARATUS non conrmuous VERTICAL OVENS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 7, 1921.

Application filed January 23, 1918. SeriaINo. 213,369.

To all whom. it may concern i Be it known thatI', JULIEN :Prnrnns, a subject of the King of Belgium, and a resident of 10 Rue de Rome, Paris, France, have invented new and useful Improvements in an Automatic Discharging Apparatus for Continuous Vertical Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus for the automatic discharge of the coke produced in Vertical continuous ovens used for the distillation of coal or of any other'desired material.

The object of the invention is not only to bring about the expulsion of the coke from the oven, but more particularly toprevent any crushing of the coke, or any breaking of the pieceswhich will be able to retain their natural size such as can be obtained with the distilling apparatus, and

makes it possible to support the whole mass of the coke on an intermediate support, so'

that any pressure on the discharging mechanism proper, during the time required for the removal of the coke contained in the chamber of the apparatus, is thus done away with. Moreover, a single apparatus can be used for an oven of a much greater length, and even for two or more ovens at a time, while the well known systems are suitable only for ovens of a verysmall length, little differing from their width. The characteristic features of the dischargng apparatus by means of which these results can be obtained, are as follows:

(a) The support for the total massof coal and coke contained in the oven is constituted by a movable grate arranged, at the base of the latter; this grate'can open, for a few moments only,at regular intervals, the duration of which depends on the height ofcoke to'be removed at the end of a given period; during this opening of the grate, the mass tent determined bygthe capacity of a reservoir or of a second support arranged below the first. As soon as the descent is finished the grate resumes its original position, and thus separates the volume of coke comprised between'the two supports. In this way a real coke outlet sluice chamber is produced.

In the interior of the said sluice or chamber is arranged a mechanism which subsequently produces the final removal of the coke, without crushing the latter; the pieces ofcoke retain therefore their natural size such as can be obtained with the distilling apparatus/ (b) Thismechanism conveys the distilled material 1n a horizontal direction, While the existing mechanisms convey it only in a vertical direction; in this way itis possible to discharge ovens having a much greater length, and even toutilize one and the same apparatus for two or more ovensat a time, the axes of which are in l1ne w th each other;

moreover, installation of the discharging apparatus requires only a small height under the oven or ovens;

(0) Finally, the charging deviceis obtainedby means of a special apparatus, different from that of the conveying mechanism under the level of the oven, behind which it'is arranged. It is thus possible to insure a better joint by means of an apparatus of small'dimensions. The accompanying drawing shows by Way of'example a construction according to the invention.

tight joint of the dis- Figure 1 isa vertical sectionthroughthe lower part. of'a battery of vertical ovens,

showing the movable gratessupporting the coke. I

Fig. 2 is a vertical outside elevation,

showingthe device for operating the said movable grates. I i

Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section viewed from the'left-hand end of Fig.1. ,Fi'g. 4 is a vertical .cross-sectionon line A'4 of Fig. 3. i

At thebase of each of the ovens a are I mounted on two metal segments 6 two par- I allel horizontal spindles b, to each of which arekeyed one or more teeth or blades 0,

eachItooth or series of teeth 0 constituting half the movable grate supporting the coke atthe lower end of the oven; -A.movement of rotation in oppositedirection can be communicated to the two spindles b of each pair, by, means of a mechanism arranged outside the oven; this mechanism comprises a toothed quadrant (Z keyed to each of the spindles 6, each of the quadrants (Z being in engagement with a toothed pinion c keyed to a spindle 0 parallel to the spindle 7) and carrying a toothed wheel 6; a transverse spindle f, which is one and the same for all the ovens of the battery, can drive each pair of spindles 1) corresponding to one oven, by means of a worm f engaging with .one of the worm wheels e keyed to one of the spindles 6 the two wheels 6 corresponding to one and the same oven, engaging with each other. One of the different pairs of teeth or blades can be brought nearer to, or farther away from the other, by turning in the desired direction the transverse spindle f, the teeth can disappear laterally in a complete manner and thus disengage the whole lower section of the oven.

The latter is closed at its lower level, under the supporting grate constituted by the teeth a, by a reservoir g having the shape of a portion of a drum in which rotates the conveying apparatus proper, used for removing the coke in the horizontal direction. This apparatus is. constituted, in the construction illustrated, by a worm or Archimedean screw 72, keyed to a horizontal spindle h it is however obvious that the latter could be replaced by any horizontal conveying apparatus by slightly modifying the shape of the reservoir g, for instance by a chain with scrapers in a reservoir with a rectangular bottom.

The grates constituted by the teeth 0 and corresponding to one and the same oven, support, in the position indicated in Fig. 1, the weight of the whole mass of coal at the upper portion of the oven, and of coke at the lower portion of the same, so that the con veying apparatus 71. in the lower reservoir g does not need to exert any efiort, which otherwise would produce a crushing of the pieces of the coke; there will be therefore very little waste,.even less than in ordinary non-continuous coke ovens.

lVhen the two half-grates 0 are moved away from each other by the outer driving mechanism, the mass of coke will descend, so as to fill the reservoir which will take place with a certain incr .ase of volume, favorable to good conservation of the pieces of coke.

A vertical knife 0 arranged in the axis at the base of the oven, serves to separate the coke vertically into two columns, so as to distribute the weight equally on the two halves of the grate c.

hen the teeth or blade 0 are again brought together, the whole pressure of the block of coke will rest on them, and as soon as the mechanism for driving the horizontal convcyer is started, there will be a complete separation of the cokeheld in the oven a from that contained in the reservoir g,

owing to the increase of volume just mentioned, and which the starting of the coke tends to reduce at once.

The coke can be conveyed with a very slow speed owing to the greatefii'ciency of the continuous or pract1ca-lly continuous conveying apparatus.

Behind the reservoir 9 containing the horizontal conveying apparatus, and at the side of the oven, opposite that on which is mounted the outside driving mechanism for the movable grates c, the coke is brought into a small rotary apparatus used for bringing about the expulsion of the coke while maintaining a perfectly tight joint of the oven (Figs. 3 and l This apparatus comprises a drum 2' with several blades, secured to a spindle '2 which can be driven with the desired speed by means of a toothed wheel 2' and of a toothed wheel 72, secured to the spindle ]L1 of the horizontal conveying apparatus, and the latter can be-driven with the speed required by means of the worm 71/ and the worm wheelh". Any admission of air into the lower portion of the oven is prevented by the blades of the drum 2'; the coke escapes subsequently through the inclined channel or shoot j. This apparatus has the great advantage, compared to a small casing with hydraulic seal, which however could also be adopted, of making it possible to obtain completely anhydrous coke, and thus to effect a considerable saving in the heating of anymetallurgical apparatus for which the coke in question would be used.

Claims- 1. A discharge apparatus for continuous vertical coke ovens or the like, comprising a stationary bottom, constituting a part of the oven and closing horizontally the lower part thereof, two movable grates located opposite each other on either side of the oven,

at a little distance but immediately above the said stationary bottom of the oven, said grates being normally drawn together so as to support the whole weight of the oven char e, means for temporarily moving said grates in opposite directions, so as to clear the lower. part of the oven and allow the lowering of the whole oven charge a short distance to the stationary bottom, a conveyer upon the said stationary bottom between the movable grates, for horizontally removing the under part of the oven charge when the said grates have again been drawn together, and thus to separate the lower portion of the oven charge and remove the weight of the superposed charge of the oven from the material in the conveyer.

2. A discharge apparatus for continuous vertical coke ovens or the like, comprising a stationary bottom, constituting a part of the oven and closing horizontally the lower part thereof, two oscillating grates located opposite each other on either side of the oven, at

charge, means for temporarily moving said grates in opposite directions, so as to clear the lower part of the oven and allow the 10W ering of the Whole oven charge. a short distance to the stationary bottom, a oonveyer upon the said stationary bottom between the oscillating grates, for horizontally removing the under part of the oven charge when the said grates. have again been drawn toa gether, and thus to separatethe lower por- I tion of the oven charge and remove the 15 Weight of the superposed charge of the oven from the material in the conveyer.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

JULIEN PIETERS.

Witnesses: M. DEFEIRIMONT, 1 CH. DURASSING. 

